Alcala 1958

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or y; the so-c alled soc ial -ps ych olo gical theo ­ rie s of Fromm, Ho rne y andSu lliva n;Mur­ ray 's per son olo gy; Lew in's fie ld the ory ; All por t's the ory of the indi vi du al ; the org an ism ic the orie s ofGoldste inandAn gy al and to som e ext ent Mas low an d Le cky; Sh eld on 's con stit utio nal ps yc ho logy ; the fac tor the ori es of Eys enc k an d Cat tell; the stim ulus resp ons e the ory of Dol lard and Mil ler, with brie f men tion of Se ars an d Mowr er; Roger s' self th eo ry ; and fin all y Murph y's bio soc ial the ory . Th e aut hor s' aim is to pre sen t an obj ec­ tiv e and com pre hen siv e rev iew . To a com­ me nd abl eext ent the y use the mo st rele van t and rec ent prima rysou rce s. Th eyend eav or to pre sen t eac h the ory wit hout eva lua tiv e impli cation as fa r as sub stanti veattr ibu tes are con cer ned , feelin g tha t the se ref lec t me rel y the par ticu larass umpti on sconcern ­ in g be havio r tha t the the ory embra ces . They do, how ever, dis cuss eva lua tiv e asp ect s of the forma l attrib ute s of adeq uacy , clar ity , expli cit ne ss,rela tion to em pir ica lphen om­ ena an d the res ear ch gen erated by the the ory. Pe rhaps the mo st ser ious cr itic ismof the book is of som eth ing un av oid ab le. The au tho rs thems elv esstate tha t ev en though one is unawar eof us inga the or y, impli cit, per son ally det erm ined and pe rhap s inco n­ sis ten t ass umpti onsdet erm inewhat will be stu die dand how. Even tho ugh the aut hor s strive toward s com ple te ob jec tiv ity ,their own implicitas wel l as ex pl ici tthe ore tica l bia se scolo r their trea tme nt,and eve n the ir sel ect ion ,of the subje ctma tter . Th e particu larthe ore tica llea ni ngof bot h the aut hor s is tow ard s log ica l positi vism, an d this bia s is esp eci all y ev ide nt in the se cti on son cri ticism an d ev alu ati onof the theori es. Their ult imate cr ite rio n for the va lue of a theory appea rsto be its capa cit y to gen era te new res ear ch. Alt hough the y sta te that a theo ry should ser ve as a me an s of or gani zin gand int egra tin grelevant phe­ nome naand that it sho uld lea d to "obs erv a­ - sychol gical , y and l n; - ' s ology; 's ; l t's idual; is ic i s of G i al l o 's ti nal hology; ies t l l s se , ti er; s' ry; l y y's i l . s' t - ehensive i . - able e t t ry s. r t t t tive l c ti tive a i tes ned, g t ly ti l r ptions - i r ces. , evaluative s t l at ributes of uacy, clarity, l citnes , ti i ical p - c . aps i i i is ing oi able. rs elves e g y, cit, al y ined a s - t ptions ine i d s s l te tivity, i plicit l licit tic l s s t nt, i , o ct . l tical i g s rds l vis , al y t s o ti i ation o es. te ri n l rs city te ch. gh state that a theory hould serve a a means izing ating - nomena and that it hould lead to "observa- ;

tion of rel eva nt empir ica lrela tion s not yet ob ser ved ,"the se asp ect sare not str ess ed in judg ing the par ticular the ori es. Th ey att empt to des crib e eac h the ory accord ingto a commo nout lin e but,per hap s bec ause of the an yt hin gbut stra igh tforwar d ma nne r of mo st the ori es, the aut hor s are una ble to fol low thr oug h with any con­ sis ten cy for ev er y the ory . Th e conc lud ing cha pter attempts an ove r-al l compar isonbut thi s is dis appo int ing . Th e book is som ewh at lik e a caf ete ria . A wide diver sity of the ories is dis pla yed , and the rea der can he lp him self to desire d por tions of the par ticular off er ing s that tempt hi s pa lat e. Th ere is no oth er sin gle vol ume that af fo rd sas com ple tean d rea dable a pic tur e of so ma ny of the ma jor the ori es of per­ son ali ty. If one takes in to acc ount the aut hors' own the ore tica lpos itio n, it is pos­ sible to rec ogniz eits eff ects on the pre­ sen tat ion and to com pen sat efor the se.— M . M. G. ' N O ON E rea ds poe try an y mo re. Th at' s toobad . Siste r MaryFran ­ cis ' rec ent spirit ua lbes tsel ler, A Ri gh t to Be Merry, 6 has cre ate d an int ere stin he roth er work s, ch ief am on g wh ich is a slim for got ten vol ume of ch oic e poems , Whe re Ca iu s Is / By the end of 19 55 thi s book ha d been rem ainder ed,an d the br igh t bro wn pri nt seeme d doome d to the qua rter-a-b ook tab les. Th e Fr ancis cansp iri t sing s thro ugh every pa ge of thi s Po or Clare's work s, and her ver ses rea ch a cre sce ndoof simple de lig ht. No one cou ld dou bt that many pa ge swere wri tten from a hea rt ful l of Eu cha ristic adora tion. Her Chr istmas and Ep iph any song s take the rea der back to As sis i's firs t cri b-s cen e. 5 Dr. Ma xin e Murp hy Gunderson, profe ssor of Psychology at the Col lege for Men. 6 N ew Yor k: Sh eed & Ward, 1956. 7 St. Bona vent ure, N. Y. : Franc iscan Inst itute of St. Bona ventu re'sUni vers ity, 1955. ve ," s e i ti ies. t i e ing n li e but, s i g i tf d r ies, s l l h - cy y . l ing t l parison pointing. at ria. sity i l yed, ti ns ti i gs te. l e s a l te l i t e j r ies - lity. t ' tic l , - ognize - tio sate s . - . . . . 's to . st r Mary - ' al l , t B er y,6 st , g i Ji ten e e , re s . 7 i dered, i t t - - o k l . ci can t sings through , s do l t. l s l ri tic tion. i as any i i's - ce e. ' f i e fo rofesso l 1 6 7 re, .: isca re' ity,

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