ADS Capstone Chronicles Revised

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Figure 12 Distribution of Binary Variables after Oversampling

4.3 Feature Engineering To properly assess the suitability of a meal for a diabetic patient, relevant nutrients are used to calculate a weighted score based on importance and general recommendations. Current ADA recommendations suggest high-fiber carbohydrate sources with at least 14 grams of fiber per 1000 kcal, supplemental protein sources, and reduced sugar (Reynolds & Mitri, 2024). Given this information, the target quantities of carbs, sugars, fiber, and proteins per meal are 52.5g, 7.5g, 7.5g, and 20g, respectively. To calculate the suitability score for each meal, the values are compared to the recommendations, then weighted according to

importance, with carbs being the most important, followed by sugar, then fiber and protein. The suitability score is calculated as follows: =0.5*(1− | − 52.2| 52.5 ) + 0. 3 * (1 − 7 . 5 ) + 0. 1 * ( 7 . 5 ) (1) + 0. 1 * ( 2 0 ) ● Carbs Factor: measures how far the carbs deviate from the target, with deviations above and below the target treated equally

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