AAI_2025_Capstone_Chronicles_Combined

images. Some images, particularly those labeled as pneumonia, contain artifacts such as

medical devices and wires.

Figure 1. X-Ray images of Normal patients and patients with Pneumonia.

No additional metadata, such as patient demographics or clinical history, is provided.

The visual distinction between the classes is subtle, with Pneumonia cases exhibiting increased

opacity due to fluid accumulation or lung consolidation. The dataset has significant class

imbalance with the majority (4,273) labeled as Pneumonia and the minority (1,583) labeled as

Normal (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Distribution of the X-Ray image class counts (NORMAL and PNEUMONIA) showing a large

imbalance favoring the PNEUMONIA class.

Image sizes range from 384 x 128 pixels to 2916 × 2713 pixels with a mean width of 1328

and a mean height of 971 (Figure 3).

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