AAI_2025_Capstone_Chronicles_Combined

Breast Tumor Classification Using Quantum Neural Networks

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data being discarded in some cases. As Figure 10 shows, 134 rows were dropped in one case-

representing about 24%.

Figure 10

Example of the data set being reduced due to collisions.

Figure 11

Part of the initial quantum hidden layer 10 . Reading down on the left, the readout (target) qubit is at the top (-1, 1) and the rest represent qubits for each feature: (0, 0), (0, 1), …. Reading left to right the quantum gates can be seen: XX and ZZ for example. The interpretation of this is that the top most line is the readout qubit with a series of XX and ZZ gates applied in conjunction with the other qubits.

10 The letters X, Z, and H represent diƯerent types of quantum gates. These are analogous to classical gates such as NOT, NAND, and OR. Further details on quantum gates are beyond the scope of this work.

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